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hello and welcome to the international

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space station my name is shane kimbrough

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and i'm an astronaut living and working

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here 250 miles above the earth

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today we're going to be learning about

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what a simple machine is and exploring

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the different ways we're using simple

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machines up here in low earth orbit

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a simple machine is an object that helps

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us to easily accomplish a task by

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changing the direction or amount of a

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force

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there are six different types of simple

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machines a screw inclined plane

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wedge lever

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wheel and axle and pulley

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when we combine two or more of these

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simple machines together they are called

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compound machines

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let's dive into the purpose of each of

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these devices and how we are using them

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up here on the station

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a screw is a simple machine that helps

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to fasten two objects together

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up here we use a variety of screws in

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order to keep our station intact

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especially as we deal with microgravity

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causing objects to drift around

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here's an example of a screw that we may

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[Music]

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inclined planes are a broad range of

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simple machines that use an angled plane

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to accomplish different tests

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down on earth you use inclined planes to

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move things easily but here in

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microgravity we don't need incline

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planes to help us move objects

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if you look closely at a screw you will

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see that it is made up of a rod with an

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inclined plane that spirals around it

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this incline plane helps the screw to

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another simple machine using inclined

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planes to accomplish something is a

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wedge the wedge consists of two inclined

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planes combined to split or separate

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objects

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a wheel and axle is exactly what it

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sounds like a wheel is attached to an

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axle helping it to rotate and move

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easily without friction we sometimes use

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wheels to help move items that we need

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to be able to travel without floating

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away

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an example of this would be the wheels

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on our crew equipment and translation

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aid cart

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it is attached to a track using wheel

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and axles for movement

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so we were able to use it on our space

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hawks without the possibility of it

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i mentioned compound machines before in

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our advanced resistive exercise device

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or a-red is a great example of that

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it combines the simple machines levers

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and pulleys to help us maintain muscle

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and bone density in micro-g

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levers use a surface situated on a

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fulcrum or pivoting point to move an

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object

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pulleys are simple machines that use a

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wheel and axle to change the direction

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of an object

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the pulleys inside a red allow us to set

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thank you for learning about simple

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machines with me today now i'm going to

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send you back to earth to design a

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compound machine you think we could use

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up here on the international space

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[Music]